<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="fr">
	<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Abc</id>
	<title>Transcrire-Wiki - Contributions de l’utilisateur [fr]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Abc"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Contributions/Abc"/>
	<updated>2026-05-26T04:38:23Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Contributions de l’utilisateur</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.35.8</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14671&amp;diff=40481</id>
		<title>1:14594:14671</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14671&amp;diff=40481"/>
		<updated>2022-10-09T14:02:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « Sub-Committee on terminology. Meeting of Sunday, January 19th 1947 »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Sub-Committee on terminology. Meeting of Sunday, January 19th 1947&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14667&amp;diff=36532</id>
		<title>1:14594:14667</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14667&amp;diff=36532"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T10:05:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 65/  Professor Lowe had been appealing for a wider public appreciation of the importance of prehistoric investigation.   &amp;quot;The more closely we study these prehistoric remai… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;65/&lt;br /&gt;
Professor Lowe had been appealing for a wider public appreciation of the importance of prehistoric investigation. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The more closely we study these prehistoric remains the more convinced we become that our major problems concerning man&amp;#039;s development are to be solved in Africa,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;I can assure you that the age of man in the area in which we find ourselves at the moment is a vast one. In relation to European countries wa are very immature, but I am convinced that the focus of attention regarding the study of Prehistoric Man will gradually shift and make Africa more and more important.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;This importance imposes upon us great responsabilities,&amp;quot; he continued. &amp;quot;If we are earnest in any attempt we may make to reconstruct this great story we have responsabilities which we cannot shirk. We cannot leave present investigators to continue the work without aid; the responsability should rest on institutions, Government and otherwise.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
A spiritual Need&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36531</id>
		<title>1:14594:14658</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36531"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:55:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;54/&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 18.1.47.&lt;br /&gt;
Important discoveries in Somaliland which may shed new light on the sequence of Stone Age cultures within the Horn of Africa have been made during some two-and-a-half years of research by Mr. J. desmond Clarke, brilliant young scientist and present Curator of the Rhodes-Linvingstone Museum in Northern Rhodesia. &lt;br /&gt;
This was revealed at yesterday&amp;#039;s session of the Pan-Africa, Congress on Prehistory which is being held in Nairobi. &lt;br /&gt;
No detailed examination of the findings has yet been possible except for that undertaken in the field at the time of their discovery, but the collections are now on their way to England for final study and illustration. &lt;br /&gt;
The Stone Age sequence in the part of the world in which Mr. Clarke has carried out his exploratory work shows several close parallels with Kenya on the one hand, and on the other with the sequence that has been established for Kharga Oasis and the Nile Valley in Egypt. &lt;br /&gt;
But although these latest discoveries were warmly appraised by Congress it was intimated that this vast area, which has &amp;quot;lagged very much behind in research,&amp;quot; has &amp;quot;many more valuable secrets to unfold,&amp;quot; and delegates are to consider making representation to the authorities concerned for the appointment of at least one full-time archeologist in order that a comprehensive survey may be undertaken.&lt;br /&gt;
Into History&lt;br /&gt;
Accroding to Mr. Clarke, the Stone Age succession in Somaliland appeared to have persisted in places into comparatively recent, and it was believes, historical times. &amp;quot;Existing evidence does not conflict with the suggestion that the original stock of the slender-boned small-statured, negroid hunting groups of southern Somalia may be the descendants of the Late Stone Age population who were displaced by the Hamitic immigrants - the Galla and later the Somaris - from the north-west&amp;quot; he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;These small nomadic groups, of which the Bon the the Ribi and some of the Eile are the purest examples, still live predominantly by hunting with the aid of dogs and nets. Certainly it is tempting to see a connexion between the stone triangular and hollow-based arrowhead and the leaf-shaped specimens from the Doian (a term applied to the Late Stone Age industries) on the one hand, and the triangular and leaf-shaped iron heads of the present day hunters. The similarity is striking.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Regarding the Doian culture, Mr. Clarke said a type section at the Rifle Range site a Bur Hakaba had yielded some fragmentary human remains in addition to cultural material. Ostrich egg and other shell beads occurred, as also did pestle and rubbing stones. In a rock shelter at Beide, at the mouth of the Nogal, there had been found a number a large bifacial chopping tools, or picks, made from pebbles. &lt;br /&gt;
Mr. Clarke explained that his research was carried out while serving with the East Africa Command during the war. The time that it was possible to spend in any one area was determined very much by military necessity, so that it was not always possible to obtain from a site evidence of as conclusive a nature as he would have liked, and sometimes it was unfortunately necessary to leave some problem quite unsolved. &lt;br /&gt;
In 1941 parts of Western British Somaliland, the Danakil Desert and the Reserved Areas were studied, and the first area was again visited in 1943 under more congenial conditions, when it was possible to check several of the results obtained from previous fieldwork, as well as to undertake work on new sites. In 1944, during his service with the Military Administration in Somalia, the country between Webi Shebeli and the Juba Rivers was studied and time was granted in which to conduct excavations at one open station and one cave site in that area.&lt;br /&gt;
Preliminary Survey&lt;br /&gt;
At the end of 1945 and the beginning of the 1946 the Administration agreed to a preliminary archaeological survey being undertaken in certain areas not previously worked - notably the lower Nogal Valley, the Obbia hinterland, and the Ogaden - in order that the northern sites might be linked with those found in the south. The cost of this survey was borne partially by a grant from the Rhodes Livingstone Institute, but in the main by the Somalia Administration, and thanks were due to those two bodies and, in particular, to Brigadier D. H. Wickham, without whose assistance the survey could not have been undertaken. &lt;br /&gt;
Last evening Mr. Clarke gave his impressions of the first week of the Congress in an interview with the East African Standard. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Congress has enabled prehistorians from all over the African Continent to meet and consult together, and the value of this can hardly be over-emphasised,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;We have exchanged our own ideas and much comparative material. We have visited the Rift Valley sites in Kenya and delegates have been able to assess the truth, or otherwise, of Dr. Leakey&amp;#039;s and Dr. Nillson&amp;#039;s interpretation of the physiographical and climatic development there. &lt;br /&gt;
La photo du congrès est également parue dans le journal du 18.1.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36525</id>
		<title>1:14594:14658</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36525"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:46:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;54/&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 18.1.47.&lt;br /&gt;
Important discoveries in Somaliland which may shed new light on the sequence of Stone Age cultures within the Horn of Africa have been made during some two-and-a-half years of research by Mr. J. desmond Clarke, brilliant young scientist and present Curator of the Rhodes-Linvingstone Museum in Northern Rhodesia. &lt;br /&gt;
This was revealed at yesterday&amp;#039;s session of the Pan-Africa, Congress on Prehistory which is being held in Nairobi. &lt;br /&gt;
No detailed examination of the findings has yet been possible except for that undertaken in the field at the time of their discovery, but the collections are now on their way to England for final study and illustration. &lt;br /&gt;
The Stone Age sequence in the part of the world in which Mr. Clarke has carried out his exploratory work shows several close parallels with Kenya on the one hand, and on the other with the sequence that has been established for Kharga Oasis and the Nile Valley in Egypt. &lt;br /&gt;
But although these latest discoveries were warmly appraised by Congress it was intimated that this vast area, which has &amp;quot;lagged very much behind in research,&amp;quot; has &amp;quot;many more valuable secrets to unfold,&amp;quot; and delegates are to consider making representation to the authorities concerned for the appointment of at least one full-time archeologist in order that a comprehensive survey may be undertaken.&lt;br /&gt;
Into History&lt;br /&gt;
Accroding to Mr. Clarke, the Stone Age succession in Somaliland appeared to have persisted in places into comparatively recent, and it was believes, historical times. &amp;quot;Existing evidence does not conflict with the suggestion that the original stock of the slender-boned small-statured, negroid hunting groups of southern Somalia may be the descendants of the Late Stone Age population who were displaced by the Hamitic immigrants - the Galla and later the Somaris - from the north-west&amp;quot; he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;These small nomadic groups, of which the Bon the the Ribi and some of the Eile are the purest examples, still live predominantly by hunting with the aid of dogs and nets. Certainly it is tempting to see a connexion between the stone triangular and hollow-based arrowhead and the leaf-shaped specimens from the Doian (a term applied to the Late Stone Age industries) on the one hand, and the triangular and leaf-shaped iron heads of the present day hunters. The similarity is striking.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Regarding the Doian culture, Mr. Clarke said a type section at the Rifle Range site a Bur Hakaba had yielded some fragmentary human remains in addition to cultural material. Ostrich egg and other shell beads occurred, as also did pestle and rubbing stones. In a rock shelter at Beide, at the mouth of the Nogal, there had been found a number a large bifacial chopping tools, or picks, made from pebbles. &lt;br /&gt;
Mr. Clarke explained that his research was carried out while serving with the East Africa Command during the war. The time that it was possible to spend in any one area was determined very much by military necessity, so that it was not always possible to obtain from a site evidence of as conclusive a nature as he would have liked, and sometimes it was unfortunately necessary to leave some problem quite unsolved. &lt;br /&gt;
In 1941 parts of Western British Somaliland, the Danakil Desert and the Reserved Areas were studied, and the first area was again visited in 1943 under more congenial conditions, when it was possible to check several of the results obtained from previous fieldwork, as well as to undertake work on new sites. In 1944, during his service with the Military Administration in Somalia, the country between Webi Shebeli and the Juba Rivers was studied and time was granted in which to conduct excavations at one open station and one cave site in that area.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36523</id>
		<title>1:14594:14658</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14658&amp;diff=36523"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:29:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 54/  (The East African Standard, 18.1.47.  Important discoveries in Somaliland which may shed new light on the sequence of Stone Age cultures within the Horn of Africa hav… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;54/&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 18.1.47.&lt;br /&gt;
Important discoveries in Somaliland which may shed new light on the sequence of Stone Age cultures within the Horn of Africa have been made during some two-and-a-half years of research by Mr. J. desmond Clarke, brilliant young scientist and present Curator of the Rhodes-Linvingstone Museum in Northern Rhodesia. &lt;br /&gt;
This was revealed at yesterday&amp;#039;s session of the Pan-Africa, Congress on Prehistory which is being held in Nairobi. &lt;br /&gt;
No detailed examination of the findings has yet been possible except for that undertaken in the field at the time of their discovery, but the collections are now on their way to England for final study and illustration. &lt;br /&gt;
The Stone Age sequence in the part of the world in which Mr. Clarke has carried out his exploratory work shows several close parallels with Kenya on the one hand, and on the other with the sequence that has been established for Kharga Oasis and the Nile Valley in Egypt. &lt;br /&gt;
But although these latest discoveries were warmly appraised by Congress it was intimated that this vast area, which has &amp;quot;lagged very much behind in research,&amp;quot; has &amp;quot;many more valuable secrets to unfold,&amp;quot; and delegates are to consider making representation to the authorities concerned for the appointment of at least one full-time archeologist in order that a comprehensive survey may be undertaken.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36521</id>
		<title>1:14594:14655</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36521"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:18:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;51/&lt;br /&gt;
and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reasonable working hypothesis we can adopt at this stage is to regard this Continent as the most likely centre for the origin of tool-making man.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Differential Developments&lt;br /&gt;
Despite the obvious affinities between the European, Asiatic and African expressions of the Great Hand-axe Culture, Professor van Riet Lowe indicated how different climates and available raw materials (flint in France, obsidian and quartzite in Central and east Africa, various diabasic rocks and indurated shale in South Africa, quartzite in India and so on) had given rise to differential developments in the three Continents: developments which in time gave rise to entirely different material cultures.&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, he maintained, while a uniform and common terminology was most desirable for the greater part of the earlier Stone or Old Palaeolithic Age, it was essential for each region to develop its own terms to describe cultures which followed during the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic and Neolithic times. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I sincerely trust,&amp;quot; he continued, &amp;quot;that we who live and work in the essential - if not indeed in the original - home of tool-making man will not hesitate to state our case and claim such recognition for Africa as this home of man demands in any discussion which impinges not only on origins but also on terminological usage. Our indebtedness to European pre-historians (especially to those of France) is great, but I venture to suggest that the small spark which first fell in Africa from the great Franch flame will in time burst forth to outshine the torch from which it came. If my view - that we at this Congress have merely returned to the home of our ancestors in an attempt to solve some of the problems to which they have given rise - is correct, the importance of the field in which we find ourselves cannot be overstressed.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
In the review of the development of the Great Hand-axe Culture , the speaker emphasied the remarkably different interpretations in Europe and South Africa of the development of early man&amp;#039;s skills. &amp;quot;While I recognise the close relationship which clearly exists between the various divisions of the main culture complex ([?] these were expressed after their roots had been transported over thousands of miles) and while I am as anxious as anyone can be to avoid further multiplication of terminologies which are already confusing, I submit that the time has now arrived for the African case to be stressed and given the pre-eminence it demands,&amp;quot; he stated.&lt;br /&gt;
Suggestions that the passage of time has seen various alterations in the course of the River Nile, were made by Mr. H. A. Arkell, Commissioner for Archaeology and Anthropology to the Sudan Government, in a paper describing recent observations on the distribution of Lower Palaeolithic artefacts in the valleys of the Nile (between Khartoum and Egypt) and of the Atbara and Blue Nile. &lt;br /&gt;
Mr. Arkell indicated that a site near Khartoum had producted some Chellean and much Acheulean in situ a few metres above present high flood level. Further down the Nile, at the Fourth Cataract, pre-Chellean pebble tools occurred, in situ 160 feet above high flood level and crude Levallois at 100 feet, while at the other end of the Dongola reach, deveolped Acheulean occurred a few feet above the present high flood level. Then came a blank of 70 miles, and it was suggested that the Nile now ran east of its Palaeolithic course, which it only rejoined for 25 miles between Wawa and Abri, where Whelleans occurred in situ at approximately present erosion levels. At Abri, it was suggested that in the time of the Acheulean-Levallois culture, the Nile again abandoned its earlier course and swung east into the rocky region above the Second Cataract, only rejoining its old bed when free from that catarct. &lt;br /&gt;
No certain Lower Palaeolithic had been found in the Blue Nile valley, but a crude culture, perhaps resembling the Kenya Fauresmith, must be associated with the fossil Proto-Bushmen Skull from Singa.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36514</id>
		<title>1:14594:14655</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36514"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:08:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;51/&lt;br /&gt;
and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reasonable working hypothesis we can adopt at this stage is to regard this Continent as the most likely centre for the origin of tool-making man.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Differential Developments&lt;br /&gt;
Despite the obvious affinities between the European, Asiatic and African expressions of the Great Hand-axe Culture, Professor van Riet Lowe indicated how different climates and available raw materials (flint in France, obsidian and quartzite in Central and east Africa, various diabasic rocks and indurated shale in South Africa, quartzite in India and so on) had given rise to differential developments in the three Continents: developments which in time gave rise to entirely different material cultures.&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, he maintained, while a uniform and common terminology was most desirable for the greater part of the earlier Stone or Old Palaeolithic Age, it was essential for each region to develop its own terms to describe cultures which followed during the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic and Neolithic times. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I sincerely trust,&amp;quot; he continued, &amp;quot;that we who live and work in the essential - if not indeed in the original - home of tool-making man will not hesitate to state our case and claim such recognition for Africa as this home of man demands in any discussion which impinges not only on origins but also on terminological usage. Our indebtedness to European pre-historians (especially to those of France) is great, but I venture to suggest that the small spark which first fell in Africa from the great Franch flame will in time burst forth to outshine the torch from which it came. If my view - that we at this Congress have merely returned to the home of our ancestors in an attempt to solve some of the problems to which they have given rise - is correct, the importance of the field in which we find ourselves cannot be overstressed.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
In the review of the development of the Great Hand-axe Culture , the speaker emphasied the remarkably different interpretations in Europe and South Africa of the development of early man&amp;#039;s skills. &amp;quot;While I recognise the close relationship which clearly exists between the various divisions of the main culture complex ([?] these were expressed after their roots had been transported over thousands of miles) and while I am as anxious as anyone can be to avoid further multiplication of terminologies which are already confusing, I submit that the time has now arrived for the African case to be stressed and given the pre-eminence it demands,&amp;quot; he stated.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36512</id>
		<title>1:14594:14655</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36512"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T09:03:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;51/&lt;br /&gt;
and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reasonable working hypothesis we can adopt at this stage is to regard this Continent as the most likely centre for the origin of tool-making man.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Differential Developments&lt;br /&gt;
Despite the obvious affinities between the European, Asiatic and African expressions of the Great Handaxe Culture, Professor van Riet Lowe indicated how different climates and available raw materials (flint in France, obsidian and quartzite in Central and east Africa, various diabasic rocks and indurated shale in South Africa, quartzite in India and so on) had given rise to differential developments in the three Continents: developments which in time gave rise to entirely different material cultures.&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, he maintained, while a uniform and common terminology was most desirable for the greater part of the earlier Stone or Old Palaeolithic Age, it was essential for each region to develop its own terms to describe cultures which followed during the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic and Neolithic times. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I sincerely trust,&amp;quot; he continued, &amp;quot;that we who live and work in the essential - if not indeed in the original - home of tool-making man will not hesitate to state our case and claim such recognition for Africa as this home of man demands in any discussion which impinges not only on origins but also on terminological usage. Our indebtedness to European pre-historians (especially to those of France) is great, but I venture to suggest that the small spark which first fell in Africa from the great Franch flame will in time burst forth to outshine the torch from which it came. If my view - that we at this Congress have merely returned to the home of our ancestors in an attempt to solve some of the problems to which they have given rise - is correct, the importance of the field in which we find ourselves cannot be overstressed.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36510</id>
		<title>1:14594:14655</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=36510"/>
		<updated>2022-07-19T08:55:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;51/&lt;br /&gt;
and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reasonable working hypothesis we can adopt at this stage is to regard this Continent as the most likely centre for the origin of tool-making man.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Differential Developments&lt;br /&gt;
Despite the obvious affinities between the European, Asiatic and African expressions of the Great Handaxe Culture, Professor van Riet Lowe indicated how different climates and available raw materials (flint in France, obsidian and quartzite in Central and east Africa, various diabasic rocks and indurated shale in South Africa, quartzite in India and so on) had given rise to differential developments in the three Continents: developments which in time gave rise to entirely different material cultures.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=35927</id>
		<title>1:14594:14655</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14655&amp;diff=35927"/>
		<updated>2022-07-10T14:33:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 51/  and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reas… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;51/&lt;br /&gt;
and Broom in South Africa, of Leakey in East Africa, of Wayland in Central Africa, and of Neuville and Ruhlmann and otehrs in North Africa, we find that the only reasonable working hypothesis we can adopt at this stage is to regard this Continent as the most likely centre for the origin of tool-making man.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Differential Developments&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14654&amp;diff=35926</id>
		<title>1:14594:14654</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14654&amp;diff=35926"/>
		<updated>2022-07-10T14:30:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Next Prehistory Congress In South Africa&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 17-5-1947&lt;br /&gt;
INVITATION FROM GENERAL SMUTS&lt;br /&gt;
AN INVITATION from General Smuts, Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, to hold the next meeting in the Union in 1951 was yesterday accepted &amp;quot;with deep gratitude&amp;quot; by delegates at the Pan-African Congress on Prehistory, which is in session at Nairobi. The South African Government&amp;#039;s invitation was conveyed through Colonel R. Campbell-Ross, Commissioner for the Union in Nairobi.&lt;br /&gt;
Professor C. van Riet Lowe, Director of Archaelogical Survey in the Union, and Professor of Archaelogy at the University of Witwatersrand, told an East African Standard reporter that the invitation emphasised the importance attached to research in the Union and augured well for the furture of prehistoric study in Africa. South Africa, he pointed out, had sent the largest delegation to the present Congress, and it was very gratifying that the session had accepted the invitation with such enthusiasm. &lt;br /&gt;
Professor van Riet Lowe&amp;#039;s paper on &amp;quot;The Development of the Great Hand-Axe Culture in South Africa&amp;quot; formed one of the most important contributions  to yesterday&amp;#039;s discussions. &lt;br /&gt;
Professor van Riet Lowe said the belief was expressed that Africa was the original home of tool-making man; that the Great Hand-axe Culture developed in Africa only after the Continent had been occupied by man for a very lengthy period and that it spread northwards as far as the British Isles, eastwards as far as India and Ceylon and southwards as far as the Cape of Good Hope during early Pleistocene times. &lt;br /&gt;
Evidence was adduced to show not only how deep were man&amp;#039;s roots in Africa, but how remarkably alike were the stone implements he left in his tracks after he had penetrated to continental extremes in Africa, Europe and Asia during Pleistocene period. The affinities between hand-axes recovered from ancient terraces of the Thames and Somme in the north, from similar tarraces in the Limpopo and Vaal in the south, and from eqaully deep-buried deposits in India, clearly indicated a most important diffusion of culture during remote prehistoric times - incidentally revealing Africa as the greatest and most important stage on which the drama of early human evolution was enacted. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;While it is now generally accepted that the essential home of the Great Hand-axe Culture is to be sought in Africa, we find, when we set out in search of the roots of this culture, that as soon as we leave this Continent we flounder in mists of uncertainty,&amp;quot; the speaker continued : &amp;quot;If, on the other hand, we remain here, we find that here - and here only - we have a long series of earlier, welle-stratified cultures which lead us naturally and directly to the establishment of the Great Hand-axe Culture. When we add to these the remarkable dicoveries of Dart&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14654&amp;diff=35922</id>
		<title>1:14594:14654</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14654&amp;diff=35922"/>
		<updated>2022-07-10T06:45:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « Next Prehistory Congress In South Africa  (The East African Standard, 17-5-1947  INVITATION FROM GENERAL SMUTS »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Next Prehistory Congress In South Africa&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 17-5-1947&lt;br /&gt;
INVITATION FROM GENERAL SMUTS&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35921</id>
		<title>1:14594:14652</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35921"/>
		<updated>2022-07-10T06:44:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;48/&lt;br /&gt;
East [?] 16.1.47&lt;br /&gt;
PREHISTORY CONGRESS : &lt;br /&gt;
EARLY MAN IN AFRICA&lt;br /&gt;
Union Expert&amp;#039;s Lecture&lt;br /&gt;
The background of events in the Southern part of the African Continent during the period of man&amp;#039;s development were described by Dr. H. B. S. Cooke of the University of Johannesburg in the course of his address at the Pan-African Congress on Prehistory at Nairobi yesterday.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke remarked that the beds in South Africa which belonged to this period were scanty and very thin by comparison with the great deposits of East Africa. The fauna, too, was not nearly so well known, nor as rich as that of Kenya and Tanganyika, but it was a singularly interesting one, since ancient caves had yielded remains of the now famous ape-men of Taungs, Sterkfontein and Kromdraai.&lt;br /&gt;
While the evidence for dating these proto-human skulls was not conclusive. Dr. Cooke continued, it seeemed probable that the Sterkfontein and Kromdraai men lived in the lower Pleistocene times, and were survivors from the stock from which man had sprung. &lt;br /&gt;
The Taungs skull was a great deal older and probably lived during the later Pliocene, perhaps 2,000,000 years ago.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke stated that humans made tools in South Africa at much the same time as they did in East Africa, in Europe and elsewhere, and that the occupation of the southern end of the Continent stretched back almost to the beginning of the Pleistocene. &lt;br /&gt;
Climate Changes&lt;br /&gt;
Changes of climate had occurred in South Africa during the past million years, but they were relatively slight, and did not have the same marked effects on the migrations of animals of which there was evidence in Europe durind Ice Ages.&lt;br /&gt;
(Continued on page 4.)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;South Africa,&amp;quot; conclued Dr. Cooke, &amp;quot;has much to contribute to the study of the period of human evolution but we are sadly handicapped by lack of funds and facilities for properly-conducted research.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. E. Nilssen (Sweden), who, also spoke yersterday, compared the Pleistocene climatic changes in East Africa. India, Egypt and Nothern Europe.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Pluvials in East Africa,&amp;quot; he said, &amp;quot;are registered by systems of moraine-ridges of former glaciers going down very much lower on the slopes of its highest mountains than the present glaciers do. The Pluvials are also registered by lake-sediments and wave-cut terraces, indicating former lakes which more or less filled-up the basins of the Rift Valley. The Interpluvials are traced by discordances in the lake-sediments and by aeolian sediment. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Similar traces of climatic changes are recorded from the Kashmir area of north west India, the Faiyum depression in Egypt and the depression of the Dead Sea in Palestine. These ancient climatic changes in the different countries seem to correspond very well to each other, but also to those changes of climate which caused the glacial and interglacial epochs of Europe. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Smaller climatic changes during the post-pluvial time up to our days,&amp;quot; he continued, &amp;quot;also seem to have affected all these regions contemporaneously. The present changes of climate, which are - especially in the Equatorial belt - characterised by a very pronounced desiccation, are a link in the sequance of former climatic changes, contemporaneous the world over.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Changes Programme&lt;br /&gt;
Several amendments have been made to the original programme of Congress as already published. The programme for today remains unchanged, with the exception that from 11.30 a.m. to 12.15 p.m. Mr. J. D. Clarke will speak on &amp;quot;The Climatic Sequence of Somaliland.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
The following alterations have been made in tomorrow&amp;#039;s programme: &lt;br /&gt;
The paper at 9-30 to 10-15 a.m. by Dr. M. Bequaert is cancelled and will be replaced by &amp;quot;The Quarternary Periods of S. Mozambique,&amp;quot; by Mr. L. Barradas; the paper at 10-15 to 11-00 a.m. will be entitled &amp;quot;The Stone Age Sequence of Somaliland,&amp;quot; by Mr. J. D. Clarke; the paper at 11-30 a.m. to 12-15 p.m. will be &amp;quot;New Discoveries of Stone Age Sites in Angola,&amp;quot; by Engineer Mouta.&lt;br /&gt;
The papers scheduled for the afternoon session on Saturday are canceled, and in their place there will be an excursion to the Obsidian Mines at Hell&amp;#039;s Gate.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35920</id>
		<title>1:14594:14652</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35920"/>
		<updated>2022-07-09T19:42:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;48/&lt;br /&gt;
East [?] 16.1.47&lt;br /&gt;
PREHISTORY CONGRESS : &lt;br /&gt;
EARLY MAN IN AFRICA&lt;br /&gt;
Union Expert&amp;#039;s Lecture&lt;br /&gt;
The background of events in the Southern part of the African Continent during the period of man&amp;#039;s development were described by Dr. H. B. S. Cooke of the University of Johannesburg in the course of his address at the Pan-African Congress on Prehistory at Nairobi yesterday.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke remarked that the beds in South Africa which belonged to this period were scanty and very thin by comparison with the great deposits of East Africa. The fauna, too, was not nearly so well known, nor as rich as that of Kenya and Tanganyika, but it was a singularly interesting one, since ancient caves had yielded remains of the now famous ape-men of Taungs, Sterkfontein and Kromdraai.&lt;br /&gt;
While the evidence for dating these proto-human skulls was not conclusive. Dr. Cooke continued, it seeemed probable that the Sterkfontein and Kromdraai men lived in the lower Pleistocene times, and were survivors from the stock from which man had sprung. &lt;br /&gt;
The Taungs skull was a great deal older and probably lived during the later Pliocene, perhaps 2,000,000 years ago.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke stated that humans made tools in South Africa at much the same time as they did in East Africa, in Europe and elsewhere, and that the occupation of the southern end of the Continent stretched back almost to the beginning of the Pleistocene. &lt;br /&gt;
Climate Changes&lt;br /&gt;
Changes of climate had occurred in South Africa during the past million years, but they were relatively slight, and did not have the same marked effects on the migrations of animals of which there was evidence in Europe durind Ice Ages.&lt;br /&gt;
(Continued on page 4.)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35919</id>
		<title>1:14594:14652</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14652&amp;diff=35919"/>
		<updated>2022-07-09T19:38:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 48/  East [?] 16.1.47  PREHISTORY CONGRESS :   EARLY MAN IN AFRICA  Union Expert&amp;#039;s Lecture  The background of events in the Southern part of the African Continent during t… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;48/&lt;br /&gt;
East [?] 16.1.47&lt;br /&gt;
PREHISTORY CONGRESS : &lt;br /&gt;
EARLY MAN IN AFRICA&lt;br /&gt;
Union Expert&amp;#039;s Lecture&lt;br /&gt;
The background of events in the Southern part of the African Continent during the period of man&amp;#039;s development were described by Dr. H. B. S. Cooke of the University of Johannesburg in the course of his address at the Pan-African Congress on Prehistory at Nairobi yesterday.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke remarked that the beds in South Africa which belonged to this period were scanty and very thin by comparison with the great deposits of East Africa. The fauna, too, was not nearly so well known, nor as rich as that of Kenya and Tanganyika, but it was a singularly interesting one, since ancient caves had yielded remains of the now famous ape-men of Taungs, Sterkfontein and Kromdraai.&lt;br /&gt;
While the evidence for dating these proto-human skulls was not conclusive. Dr. Cooke continued, it seeemed probable that the Sterkfontein and Kromdraai men lived in the lower Pleistocene times, and were survivors from the stock from which man had sprung. &lt;br /&gt;
The Taungs skull was a great deal older and probably lived during the later Pliocene, perhaps 2,000,000 years ago.&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cooke stated that humans made tools in South Africa at much the same time as they did in East Africa, in Europe and elsewhere, and that the occupation of the southern end of the Continent stretched back almost to the beginning of the Pleistocene. &lt;br /&gt;
Climate Changes&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35878</id>
		<title>1:14594:14650</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35878"/>
		<updated>2022-07-08T19:13:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lopment. It is a wonderful confirmation of that splendid and spiritual Pan-African archaeology which has led to this international congress in the service of scientific travel.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Gen. Smuts&amp;#039;s Interest&lt;br /&gt;
Professor C. va, Riet Lowe, Director of Archaeology Survey of the Union of South Africa, Professor of Archaeology, University of the Witwatersrand and a member of the Historical Monuments Commission replied on behalf of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
He said :&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is my privilege on behalf of the fifteen South African delegates from the Union of South Africa. Southern Rhodesia and Bechuanaland, to thank you warmly not only for your welcome but also for having invited us to attend this important Congress. We appreciate your support and interest as we appreciate the welcome and hospitality with which we were met immediately we set foot on your soil. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;My only regret is that circumstances prevented the Prime Minister of the Union from leading our delegation. But for the opening of Parliament in Cape Town this week and the impending visit of the Royal Family to the Union, General Smuts would personally have led the South African delegation. Only last week he asked me to tell you how much he regrets his inability to be here and to convey his personal gratitude to you and to your Government for your helpful interest and material support. He also asked me to bring his best wishes for a successful meeting and at the same time he expressed the hope that this would merely be the first congress of its kind and that the next would be held in the Union of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;With me he believes that Africa is destined to play a pre-eminent part in any attempt that may be made to reconstruct the history of man&amp;#039;s humble beginning and subsequent rise to control the animal kingdom; and with me he believes that no man can fully appreciate the trend of human development and his essential wholeness unless he is aware of the course he has already run. As the greatest length of this course lies in prehistoric times the study of prehistory and the holding of such a Congress as this assume greater significance and dignity. &lt;br /&gt;
92 Years&amp;#039; Research&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;While our studies are still in their infancy, we may note with pride that Africa has never lagged in its appreciation of the issues. The inception of prehistoric exploration in South Africa has its roots in years which preceded both the scientific recognition of the work of that great Franch pioneer Boucher de Perthes of Abbeville as well as the publication of Darwin&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Origin of Species.&amp;quot; As a result of exploration during the ninety-two years that have passed since the first stone implements were collected at depth in South Africa and the spread of interest and subsequent work in other parts of the Continent, we now have every reason to suspect that in coming to Africa we have merely returned to the home of our ancestors General Smuts himself stressed this possibility nearly twenty years ago. This gives our venues an added signifiance.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The first important discoveries in East Africa were made in Uganda over a quarter of a century ago and while the contributions from that Territory have been considerable, Kenya has since acquired an importance that puts it in a world-front of prehistoric exploration - and East Africans may note with pride that this growth in our knowledge has been entirely due to the selfess enthusiasm of one of her own sons. Because of this addition to the stature of Kenya I wish again to assure Your Excellency that all members of the South African delegation feel it a privilege to be here and on their behalf I wish again to thank you for your welcome, your hospitality and your good wishes. &lt;br /&gt;
Appropriate Venue&lt;br /&gt;
Professor Le Gros Clark replied on behalf of the delegates of Great Britain and the British Colonies. &amp;quot;We have been aware of certain important discoveries in prehistory and allied subjects which have been made in different parts of Africa - particularly during recent years, and we have been eager to see these discoveries for ourselves and to discuss them with our colleagues here,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;This Congress has now given us the opportunity we sought. The work of prehistorians and palaeontologists in this Continent has already illuminated certain problems of the most profound signifiance for all human thought and philosophy - problems concerning the origin of the earliest forms of human society and, indeed, the very birth of humanity itself. Since some of the most remarkable of the discoveries to which I refer have been reported by your own distinguished scientists it seems to us very appropriate that this Pan-African Congress should be held in Kenya. We have the conviction, however, that this will also serve to initiate a series of such congresses to be held in various parts of Africa in the future.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Cabu (Belgian Congo), Professor Mustafa Amer Bey (Egypt), Eng. Fernando Mouta (Angola) and Mr. Wendell Phillips (America) also responded. &lt;br /&gt;
At the business session which followed the opening ceremony, Professor L&amp;#039;Abbe Breuil was elected President of the Congress, and Dr. Robert Broom (South Africa), vice-president.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35877</id>
		<title>1:14594:14650</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35877"/>
		<updated>2022-07-08T17:26:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lopment. It is a wonderful confirmation of that splendid and spiritual Pan-African archaeology which has led to this international congress in the service of scientific travel.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Gen. Smuts&amp;#039;s Interest&lt;br /&gt;
Professor C. va, Riet Lowe, Director of Archaeology Survey of the Union of South Africa, Professor of Archaeology, University of the Witwatersrand and a member of the Historical Monuments Commission replied on behalf of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
He said :&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is my privilege on behalf of the fifteen South African delegates from the Union of South Africa. Southern Rhodesia and Bechuanaland, to thank you warmly not only for your welcome but also for having invited us to attend this important Congress. We appreciate your support and interest as we appreciate the welcome and hospitality with which we were met immediately we set foot on your soil. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;My only regret is that circumstances prevented the Prime Minister of the Union from leading our delegation. But for the opening of Parliament in Cape Town this week and the impending visit of the Royal Family to the Union, General Smuts would personally have led the South African delegation. Only last week he asked me to tell you how much he regrets his inability to be here and to convey his personal gratitude to you and to your Government for your helpful interest and material support. He also asked me to bring his best wishes for a successful meeting and at the same time he expressed the hope that this would merely be the first congress of its kind and that the next would be held in the Union of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;With me he believes that Africa is destined to play a pre-eminent part in any attempt that may be made to reconstruct the history of man&amp;#039;s humble beginning and subsequent rise to control the animal kingdom; and with me he believes that no man can fully appreciate the trend of human development and his essential wholeness unless he is aware of the course he has already run. As the greatest length of this course lies in prehistoric times the study of prehistory and the holding of such a Congress as this assume greater significance and dignity. &lt;br /&gt;
92 Years&amp;#039; Research&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;While our studies are still in their infancy, we may note with pride that Africa has never lagged in its appreciation of the issues. The inception of prehistoric exploration in South Africa has its roots in years which preceded both the scientific recognition of the work of that great Franch pioneer Boucher de Perthes of Abbeville as well as the publication of Darwin&amp;#039;s &amp;quot;Origin of Species.&amp;quot; As a result of exploration during the ninety-two years that have passed since the first stone implements were collected at depth in South Africa and the spread of interest and subsequent work in other parts of the Continent, we now have every reason to suspect that in coming to Africa we have merely returned to the home of our ancestors General Smuts himself stressed this possibility nearly twenty years ago. This gives our venues an added signifiance.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The first important discoveries in East Africa were made in Uganda over a quarter of a century ago and while the contributions from that Territory have been considerable, Kenya has since acquired an importance that puts it in a world-front of prehistoric exploration - and East Africans may note with pride that this growth in our knowledge has been entirely due to the selfess enthusiasm of one of her own sons. Because of this addition to the stature of Kenya I wish again to assure Your Excellency that all members of the South African delegation feel it a privilege to be here and on their behalf I wish again to thank you for your welcome, your hospitality and your good wishes. &lt;br /&gt;
Appropriate Venue&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35876</id>
		<title>1:14594:14650</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35876"/>
		<updated>2022-07-08T17:16:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lopment. It is a wonderful confirmation of that splendid and spiritual Pan-African archaeology which has led to this international congress in the service of scientific travel.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Gen. Smuts&amp;#039;s Interest&lt;br /&gt;
Professor C. va, Riet Lowe, Director of Archaeology Survey of the Union of South Africa, Professor of Archaeology, University of the Witwatersrand and a member of the Historical Monuments Commission replied on behalf of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
He said :&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is my privilege on behalf of the fifteen South African delegates from the Union of South Africa. Southern Rhodesia and Bechuanaland, to thank you warmly not only for your welcome but also for having invited us to attend this important Congress. We appreciate your support and interest as we appreciate the welcome and hospitality with which we were met immediately we set foot on your soil. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;My only regret is that circumstances prevented the Prime Minister of the Union from leading our delegation. But for the opening of Parliament in Cape Town this week and the impending visit of the Royal Family to the Union, General Smuts would personally have led the South African delegation. Only last week he asked me to tell you how much he regrets his inability to be here and to convey his personal gratitude to you and to your Government for your helpful interest and material support. He also asked me to bring his best wishes for a successful meeting and at the same time he expressed the hope that this would merely be the first congress of its kind and that the next would be held in the Union of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;With me he believes that Africa is destined to play a pre-eminent part in any attempt that may be made to reconstruct the history of man&amp;#039;s humble beginning and subsequent rise to control the animal kingdom; and with me he believes that no man can fully appreciate the trend of human development and his essential wholeness unless he is aware of the course he has already run. As the greatest length of this course lies in prehistoric times the study of prehistory and the holding of such a Congress as this assume greater significance and dignity. &lt;br /&gt;
92 Years&amp;#039; Research&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35693</id>
		<title>1:14594:14650</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14650&amp;diff=35693"/>
		<updated>2022-07-02T14:46:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « lopment. It is a wonderful confirmation of that splendid and spiritual Pan-African archaeology which has led to this international congress in the service of scientific tr… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;lopment. It is a wonderful confirmation of that splendid and spiritual Pan-African archaeology which has led to this international congress in the service of scientific travel.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Gen. Smuts&amp;#039;s Interest&lt;br /&gt;
Professor C. va, Riet Lowe, Director of Archaeology Survey of the Union of South Africa, Professor of Archaeology, University of the Witwatersrand and a member of the Historical Monuments Commission replied on behalf of South Africa. &lt;br /&gt;
He said :&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35692</id>
		<title>1:14594:14649</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35692"/>
		<updated>2022-07-02T14:41:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;45/&lt;br /&gt;
was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
World-Known&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I believe that East Africa is also outstanding for the very great richness which it has of fossil remains of animals that were contemporary with Stone Age man. Sites of fossil fauna, such as Oldoway in Tanganyika Territory, Kaiso in Uganda, Kanam, Kanjera and Rawi in Kenya, Olorgesailie - also in Kenya - and the Ono Valley at the North end of Lake Rudolf, have, in fact, become known throughout the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Dr. Leakey tells me that Kenya, for its part, has also distinction of having yielded already a greater wealth of fossilied remains of Niocene Apes than any other part of the world. These discoveries, together with those of fossil ape remains in South Africa and Egypt, have turned the focus of attention of all students of human evolution to the African Continent. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The fact that 24 countries have sent delegates to this Congress, in spite of the present difficulties, is a great tribute to the importance that is attached to this country of ours in the scientific world. We are indeed, greatly flattered that so distinguished a group of men and women should have been able to find the time and means of travel to come here, and on behalf of the Colony and, I hope I may add, of East Africa as a whole, I offer you the warmest welcome, and hope that you will enjoy your stay among us, and will find that your laborious journeys have been worth while.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In addition to the particular scientific purposes of your Congress, I hope and believe that you will find much of interest in this land of ours, and much that is beautiful and well worth seeing. I am conscious that the difficulties of accomodation and travel are such that the arrangements it has been possible to make may leave something to be desired. Nevertheless, I trust that you will be comfortable, and that your visit here will be pleasant and enjoyable; and I have no doubt that your deliberations, will add an important chapter to the scientific knowledge of the world. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I now have great pleasure in declaring your Congress open, and wishing you all success in your work and deliberations.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Prior to His Excellency&amp;#039;s speech the delegates were welcomed to Nairobi by the Deputy Mayor (Councillor F. G. R. Wcodley), who remarked that he hoped the delegates&amp;#039; deep concern with the past would not prevent them from enjoying the present.&lt;br /&gt;
Delegates&amp;#039; Replies&lt;br /&gt;
Speaking in French, Professor L&amp;#039;Abbe Breuil, world famous authority on prehistory, was the first of the delegates to acknowledge the Governor&amp;#039;s welcome. &amp;quot;My colleagues have come to this Congress from all parts of this Continent and even from other countries in numbers considerably exceeding all our best hopes&amp;quot;, he said: &amp;quot;They have asked me, as one of their senior members, to express to you, our gratitude for the initiative you have taken in calling us here to study, under the direction of Dr. Leakey, the magnificient results of his intensive and tenacious work. As he was a student of a pupil of my friend, Miles Burkitt, of whom I was the teacher, I feel inclined to think at this moment of Victor Hugo&amp;#039;s saying L&amp;#039;Art d&amp;#039;etre Grand Pere (the art of being a grandfather). Are not others here, too, more or less my pupils or pupils of those who have been my pupils, so am I not justified in feeling that I am their spiritual father?&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;It is barely a century ago that English and Frech scientists - inspired men like John Frere and Boucher de Perthes - soon helped by those grandfathers of geology, Lyell and Preswich, and by biologists of science, like Darwin and Huxley, discovered that humanity went back to times far more remote than those of man&amp;#039;s ancient history. Both in this organic development and in this material civilisation the species to which we belong has taken innumerable aeons to reach the parnessus of spirit, leaving behind it animals today extinct, while passing through a series of glacial and inter-glacial ages, the discovery of whose importance in the story of man&amp;#039;s history equals the discoveries of Cpernicus and Gallilo in the field of astronomy. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Hardly separated by one generation from those great founders of science I followed as best I could, in their footsteps, trying to strengthen the results foreseen by them. During this work of mine I have learned much from those on the other side of the English Channel. It is for me today a great pleasure to greet here, among other goog African workers, Dr. Leakey. In his turn, he has, thanks remarkable objective methods, been making great advances to such a degree as to make our old European schools of study jealous. For our old nations are now becoming grandfathers, and we, the workers of yesterday, must realise that from the Nile to Cape Town, and in Kenya, which is like the very heart of this Continent, our work is developing beyond all hopes. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;We thank you with all our hearts, Your Excellency, for allowing and helping us to view at this stage your really splendid work in its full deve-&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35691</id>
		<title>1:14594:14649</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35691"/>
		<updated>2022-07-02T14:25:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;45/&lt;br /&gt;
was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
World-Known&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I believe that East Africa is also outstanding for the very great richness which it has of fossil remains of animals that were contemporary with Stone Age man. Sites of fossil fauna, such as Oldoway in Tanganyika Territory, Kaiso in Uganda, Kanam, Kanjera and Rawi in Kenya, Olorgesailie - also in Kenya - and the Ono Valley at the North end of Lake Rudolf, have, in fact, become known throughout the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Dr. Leakey tells me that Kenya, for its part, has also distinction of having yielded already a greater wealth of fossilied remains of Niocene Apes than any other part of the world. These discoveries, together with those of fossil ape remains in South Africa and Egypt, have turned the focus of attention of all students of human evolution to the African Continent. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The fact that 24 countries have sent delegates to this Congress, in spite of the present difficulties, is a great tribute to the importance that is attached to this country of ours in the scientific world. We are indeed, greatly flattered that so distinguished a group of men and women should have been able to find the time and means of travel to come here, and on behalf of the Colony and, I hope I may add, of East Africa as a whole, I offer you the warmest welcome, and hope that you will enjoy your stay among us, and will find that your laborious journeys have been worth while.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In addition to the particular scientific purposes of your Congress, I hope and believe that you will find much of interest in this land of ours, and much that is beautiful and well worth seeing. I am conscious that the difficulties of accomodation and travel are such that the arrangements it has been possible to make may leave something to be desired. Nevertheless, I trust that you will be comfortable, and that your visit here will be pleasant and enjoyable; and I have no doubt that your deliberations, will add an important chapter to the scientific knowledge of the world. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I now have great pleasure in declaring your Congress open, and wishing you all success in your work and deliberations.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Prior to His Excellency&amp;#039;s speech the delegates were welcomed to Nairobi by the Deputy Mayor (Councillor F. G. R. Wcodley), who remarked that he hoped the delegates&amp;#039; deep concern with the past would not prevent them from enjoying the present.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35690</id>
		<title>1:14594:14649</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35690"/>
		<updated>2022-07-02T14:18:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;45/&lt;br /&gt;
was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
World-Known&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I believe that East Africa is also outstanding for the very great richness which it has of fossil remains of animals that were contemporary with Stone Age man. Sites of fossil fauna, such as Oldoway in Tanganyika Territory, Kaiso in Uganda, Kanam, Kanjera and Rawi in Kenya, Olorgesailie - also in Kenya - and the Ono Valley at the North end of Lake Rudolf, have, in fact, become known throughout the world.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Dr. Leakey tells me that Kenya, for its part, has also distinction of having yielded already a greater wealth of fossilied remains of Niocene Apes than any other part of the world. These discoveries, together with those of fossil ape remains in South Africa and Egypt, have turned the focus of attention of all students of human evolution to the African Continent. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The fact that 24 countries have sent delegates to this Congress, in spite of the present difficulties, is a great tribute to the importance that is attached to this country of ours in the scientific world. We are indeed, greatly flattered that so distinguished a group of men and women should have been able to find the time and means of travel to come here, and on behalf of the Colony and, I hope I may add, of East Africa as a whole, I offer you the warmest welcome, and hope that you will enjoy your stay among us, and will find that your laborious journeys have been worth while.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35689</id>
		<title>1:14594:14649</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35689"/>
		<updated>2022-07-02T14:11:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;45/&lt;br /&gt;
was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
World-Known&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I believe that East Africa is also outstanding for the very great richness which it has of fossil remains of animals that were contemporary with Stone Age man. Sites of fossil fauna, such as Oldoway in Tanganyika Territory, Kaiso in Uganda, Kanam, Kanjera and Rawi in Kenya, Olorgesailie - also in Kenya - and the Ono Valley at the North end of Lake Rudolf, have, in fact, become known throughout the world.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35661</id>
		<title>1:14594:14649</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14649&amp;diff=35661"/>
		<updated>2022-06-28T12:32:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 45/  was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;  World-Known »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;45/&lt;br /&gt;
was convened by the Colonial Office last year. &amp;#039;East Africa at present one of the most important parts of the world in the field of Pre-Historic Research.&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
World-Known&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14648&amp;diff=35660</id>
		<title>1:14594:14648</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14648&amp;diff=35660"/>
		<updated>2022-06-28T12:31:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS ON PREHISTORY &lt;br /&gt;
Famous Scientists At Nairobi Opening&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 15 January 1947&lt;br /&gt;
In the presence of one of the most distinguished gatherings of scientists ever assembled in Africa, His Excellency the Governor of Kenya (Sir Philip Mitchell), yesterday afternoon formally opened the first Pan-African Congress on Prehistory. &lt;br /&gt;
The event is one of world-wide signifiance, and the keen local interest which it has aroused was evident from the packed Council Chamber of the Nairobi Town Hall, where the initial proceedings took place.&lt;br /&gt;
It was intimated that but for the opening of Parliament in Cape Town this week and the impending visit of the Royal Family, General Smuts would personally have led the South African delegation. &lt;br /&gt;
His Excellency pointed out that the Congress was being held as the result of the enthusiasm of a small band of workers in the African field. The burden of the organisation had fallen on the shoulders of Dr. Leakey, who had first become interested in the Stone Age of this country when he was 1&amp;quot; years old, and whose detailed scientific investifations had started in 1926. &lt;br /&gt;
Governor&amp;#039;s Welcome&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;I must admit,&amp;quot; stated His Excellency, &amp;quot;to being amongst the most ignorant of men upon the whole subject, and I see no prospect of my ignorance ever diminishing, for I am so over-burdened with the present, and with endeavouring to devise means for coping with the immediate future, that I have not the slightest hope of ever finding the time to learn anything about the remote past. I fear, therefore, that you must not expect from me much more than a recitation of things which I have been told for the occasion. I am told, for instance - and I have no doubt it is so - that the Congress marks a very important milestone in the study of the origin of man. Findings of Stone Age tools were made in various parts of Africa, notably the Congo, South Africa and East Africa, during the closing stages of the last century and in the last 15 years. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;As a result of more intensive work all over the Continent, Africa has come to be recognised as having the most important contribution to make to the whole problem of man&amp;#039;s evolution. It is doubtful if any other Continent holds so many secrets, the discovery of which may lead to the unravelling of the full story of man&amp;#039;s past.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Indeed, I understand that scientific opinion throughout the world is tending towards the opinion that the centre of the origin of mankind was Africa.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The East African Territories have been very much to the forefront in regard to the whole question of the study of Stone Age man, and workers in the East African field have contributed a great deal of new light on problems that have long awaited solution. In fact, in the words of a Sub-Committee which&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14648&amp;diff=35659</id>
		<title>1:14594:14648</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14648&amp;diff=35659"/>
		<updated>2022-06-28T12:15:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS ON PREHISTORY   Famous Scientists At Nairobi Opening  (The East African Standard, 15 January 1947  In the presence of one of the most distinguished ga… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS ON PREHISTORY &lt;br /&gt;
Famous Scientists At Nairobi Opening&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 15 January 1947&lt;br /&gt;
In the presence of one of the most distinguished gatherings of scientists ever assembled in Africa, His Excellency the Governor of Kenya (Sir Philip Mitchell), yesterday afternoon formally opened the first Pan-African Congress on Prehistory. &lt;br /&gt;
The event is one of world-wide signifiance, and the keen local interest which it has aroused was evident from the packed Council Chamber of the Nairobi Town Hall, where the initial proceedings took place.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14642&amp;diff=35658</id>
		<title>1:14594:14642</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14642&amp;diff=35658"/>
		<updated>2022-06-28T12:06:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « M. l&amp;#039;Abbé Breuil fut nommé Président du Congrès et le Dr Broom (Afrique du sud) Vice-président. Il fut convenu que les [?] langues officielles du Congrès seraient l&amp;#039;… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;M. l&amp;#039;Abbé Breuil fut nommé Président du Congrès et le Dr Broom (Afrique du sud) Vice-président. Il fut convenu que les [?] langues officielles du Congrès seraient l&amp;#039;anglais et le français. &lt;br /&gt;
Pour le détail du discours, je renvoi à l&amp;#039;East African Standard du 15 Janvier 1947. L&amp;#039;on nous prend ensuite en photo sur les marches du Town Hall. &lt;br /&gt;
Le soir, cocktail party chez le Gouverneur.&lt;br /&gt;
The Governor &amp;amp; Lady Mitchell request the pleasure of the compagny of Dr Mauny to A Cocktail Party on Tuesday 14th January at 6.30. pm. o&amp;#039;clock.&lt;br /&gt;
Government House Nairobi&lt;br /&gt;
An answer is requested to the Aide-de-Camp&lt;br /&gt;
GUESTS ARE REQUESTED TO BRING THIS CARD&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14641&amp;diff=35623</id>
		<title>1:14594:14641</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14641&amp;diff=35623"/>
		<updated>2022-06-24T14:15:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « EAST AFRICA   News Review  No. 9. Registred at the G.P.O. as a Newspaper. Thursday, January 23rd, 1947. Published weekly every Thursday. FIFTY CENTS  [Photo]  Inaugural Se… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;EAST AFRICA &lt;br /&gt;
News Review&lt;br /&gt;
No. 9. Registred at the G.P.O. as a Newspaper. Thursday, January 23rd, 1947. Published weekly every Thursday. FIFTY CENTS&lt;br /&gt;
[Photo]&lt;br /&gt;
Inaugural Session of the Pan Africa Pre-History Conference at the Town Hall, Nairobi.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35622</id>
		<title>1:14594:14630</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35622"/>
		<updated>2022-06-24T14:11:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;28 bis&lt;br /&gt;
STUDY OF FOSSIL APE DISCOVERIES&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 10.1-1947&lt;br /&gt;
A very important pronouncement, one which he has refused to disclose or anticipate in any way up to the present, is expected to be made by Professor Le Gros Clark, F.R.S., of Oxford, one of the world&amp;#039;s leading authorities on human evolution, at the forthcoming pan-African Congress on Prehistory in Nairobi.&lt;br /&gt;
The Professor has been studying both the Kenya and the South Africa fossil ape discoveries and it is stated that his statement will be concerned with the results of these examinations.&lt;br /&gt;
His important findings are expected to be revealed during the course of his paper dealing with the origin and evolution of man. &lt;br /&gt;
Dr. L. S. B. Leakey, organising secretary of the Congress, explained to the East African Standard yesterday that although the discussions were primarily concerned with Stone Age man, his culture and geographical background, the climate of the period and the animals associated with him, another aspect of human origin would also be considered. &lt;br /&gt;
Many years ago, he said, very primitive and early remains of anthropoid apes were found in deposits in Egypt, and this suggested that the African Continent had been occupied by members of this stock, from which man and apes evolved. Subsequently, important discoveries of fossil ape remains in Europe and India - more particularly the latter country - led certain, scientists to believe that the centre of evolution of the anthropoid stock, including man, apes and monkeys, might have been somewhere in Central Asia. &lt;br /&gt;
Focus Shifted to Kenya&lt;br /&gt;
Within the last fifteen years, however, the focus had shifted back to Africa as the result of discoveries of fossil apes in South Africa and Kenya. South Africa fossil apes were of unusual interest in that in certain respects they approached more closely to man than any other known fossil ape, but at the same time their relatively recent geologicam data suggested they were not ancestral to humanity, but a side branch from a common stem which evolved in a direction closer to man than eitehr the gorilla or the chimpanzee. The Kenya fossil apes, which dated back to the periods referred to as the &amp;quot;lower miocene,&amp;quot; presented a different problem. A number of different genera of extinct apes had been found, among them the Pro-Consul, which exhibited characteristics closer to man than to apes, while in other respects they were essentially apes. &lt;br /&gt;
The Congress, Dr. Leakey stated, had been called into being because at the present time the prehistory of the African Continent was becoming a subject of major importance, not only to workers in the African field but also to those in Europe and Asia. Although the study of the Stone Age started in Europe, especially England and France, in the last century, even before 1900 a number of important discoveries had been made in Africa. Since 1920 work on the Stone Age in various parts of Africa had become intensified, and a certain amount of confusion had arisen owing to the culture being given local names - principally because of minor variations - whereas it was clear that the culture was a single whole.&lt;br /&gt;
Task for Congress&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;This is one of the things that has got to be discussed and settled at the Congress,&amp;quot; Dr. Leakey continued. &amp;quot;Owing to the fact that workers are so isolated from each other the same culture has, in many cases, been given different names in different areas. As the war drew to a close ans as workers in various parts of the Continent started to plan intensive research, a number of leaders, at my instigation, decided the time had come when a Congress should be called into being concerned only with the prehistory of Africa. This would provide an opportunity for the workers to get together and, in public, thrash out their difficulties and problems, in order that new programmes of research could be started on common footing. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;This Congress is the first ever held dealing only with the subject of African prehistory, although many international congresses have been held in the past concerning the prehistory of the world as a whole. It is intended that the Pan-African Congress shall be hels henceforth at intervals of four years, and one of the matters to be decided will be the venue of the next meeting to be held at the end of 1950, or early in 1951.&amp;quot;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35621</id>
		<title>1:14594:14630</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35621"/>
		<updated>2022-06-24T14:03:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;28 bis&lt;br /&gt;
STUDY OF FOSSIL APE DISCOVERIES&lt;br /&gt;
(The East African Standard, 10.1-1947&lt;br /&gt;
A very important pronouncement, one which he has refused to disclose or anticipate in any way up to the present, is expected to be made by Professor Le Gros Clark, F.R.S., of Oxford, one of the world&amp;#039;s leading authorities on human evolution, at the forthcoming pan-African Congress on Prehistory in Nairobi.&lt;br /&gt;
The Professor has been studying both the Kenya and the South Africa fossil ape discoveries and it is stated that his statement will be concerned with the results of these examinations.&lt;br /&gt;
His important findings are expected to be revealed during the course of his paper dealing with the origin and evolution of man. &lt;br /&gt;
Dr. L. S. B. Leakey, organising secretary of the Congress, explained to the East African Standard yesterday that although the discussions were primarily concerned with Stone Age man, his culture and geographical background, the climate of the period and the animals associated with him, another aspect of human origin would also be considered. &lt;br /&gt;
Many years ago, he said, very primitive and early remains of anthropoid apes were found in deposits in Egypt, and this suggested that the African Continent had been occupied by members of this stock, from which man and apes evolved. Subsequently, important discoveries of fossil ape remains in Europe and India - more particularly the latter country - led certain, scientists to believe that the centre of evolution of the anthropoid stock, including man, apes and monkeys, might have been somewhere in Central Asia. &lt;br /&gt;
Focus Shifted to Kenya&lt;br /&gt;
Within the last fifteen years, however, the focus had shifted back to Africa as the result of discoveries of fossil apes in South Africa and Kenya. South Africa fossil apes were of unusual interest in that in certain respects they approached more closely to man than any other known fossil ape, but at the same time their relatively recent geologicam data suggested they were not ancestral to humanity, but a side branch from a common stem which evolved in a direction closer to man than eitehr the gorilla or the chimpanzee. The Kenya fossil apes, which dated back to the periods referred to as the &amp;quot;lower miocene,&amp;quot; presented a different problem. A number of different genera of extinct apes had been found, among them the Pro-Consul, which exhibited characteristics closer to man than to apes, while in other respects they were essentially apes. &lt;br /&gt;
The Congress, Dr. Leakey stated, had been called into being because at the present time the prehistory of the African Continent was becoming a subject of major importance, not only to workers in the African field but also to those in Europe and Asia. Although the study of the Stone Age started in Europe, especially England and France, in the last century, even before 1900 a number of important discoveries had been made in Africa. Since 1920 work on the Stone Age in various parts of Africa had become intensified, and a certain amount of confusion had arisen owing to the culture being given local names - principally because of minor variations - whereas it was clear that the culture was a single whole.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35620</id>
		<title>1:14594:14630</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://transcrire.histolab.fr/wiki/index.php?title=1:14594:14630&amp;diff=35620"/>
		<updated>2022-06-24T13:46:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Abc : Page créée avec « 28 bis  STUDY OF FOSSIL APE DISCOVERIES  (The [East?] African [Standard?], 10.1-1947  A very important pronouncement, one which he has refused to disclose or anticipate in… »&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;28 bis&lt;br /&gt;
STUDY OF FOSSIL APE DISCOVERIES&lt;br /&gt;
(The [East?] African [Standard?], 10.1-1947&lt;br /&gt;
A very important pronouncement, one which he has refused to disclose or anticipate in any way up to the present, is expected to be made by Professor Le Gros Clark, F.R.S., of Oxford, one of the world&amp;#039;s leading authorities on human evolution, at the forthcoming pan-African Congress on Prehistory in Nairobi.&lt;br /&gt;
The Professor has been studying both the Kenya and the South Africa fossil ape discoveries and it is stated that his statement will be concerned with the results of these examinations.&lt;br /&gt;
His important findings are expected to be revealed during the course of his paper dealing with the origin and evolution of man. &lt;br /&gt;
Dr.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Abc</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>